Mouse Monoclonal Antibody to 14-3-3η (Eta)
Cat# MCA-3G12

      The 14-3-3 family of proteins was originally discovered as prominent protein spots on 2-dimensional gels. They are 28-33kDa proteins and are major components of the cytoplasm (1). They act as binding partners for phosphoserine and phosphothreonine sites on other proteins, though they also have binding partners which are not phosphorylation-dependent. These binding interactions are important in the regulation of molecules such as signaling kinases in the MAP kinase pathway, c-Raf and b-Raf, the proapoptotic molecules Bad and Bax, and the cell cycle regulator Cdc25. There are seven distinct mammalian 14-3-3 proteins encoded by different genes, and they are normally expressed as homodimers or in some cases heterodimers. 14-3-3η or 14-3-3 eta is one of these seven widely expressed and concentrated in the nervous system. An alternate name for 14-3-3η is tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein 1, due to this protein’s role in the activation of tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases. The 14-3-3η protein accumulates in the CSF of patients suffering from Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease, and thus can be used for the diagnosis of this disease (2). Furthermore, this protein binds α-synuclein in the Lewy bodies of Parkinson’s disease-affected brains and TDP43 in ALS affected anterior horn neurons (3,4). Decreased level of expression of 14-3-3η and several other 14-3-3 family members has been linked to early-onset schizophrenia (5). For reviews of the entire 14-3-3 family of proteins see references 6 and 7.
      The MCA-3G12 antibody was made against the full length human recombinant 14-3-3η protein, expressed in and purified from E.coli, and works well on western blots and on cells and sections by IF, ICC and IHC. The protein is very abundant and as a result the antibody is a very effective western blot loading control. Mouse select image at left for larger view.